Millions of adults have some college but no degree

MiMi Gravley works full-time, as a community relations liaison at Strawberry Mansion High in Philadelphia. She’s also a full-time college student and juggles raising her own kids and making ends meet. Gravley is smart and motivated; she wanted to earn a college degree, but life and bills got in the way. She left college once because the price tag was too high. “You want the degree, but if you don’t have the money, you don’t have the money,” said Gravley, who grew up in Philadelphia and attended culinary school after graduating from Central High. She earned an associate’s degree at Community College of Philadelphia during the pandemic, then enrolled in a bachelor’s degree program at Eastern University before halting classes because of the expense.

This time, Gravley, 36, is on a surer route to her bachelour’s degree. She’s enrolled at College Unbound, a college with local ties that gives adult learners from underserved communities affordable paths to graduation, with low tuition, strong supports baked in, credit for relevant life experience, a cohort model that helps keep students engaged, and impressive early results.

College Unbound began in 2009 in Rhode Island, when Dennis Littky, a founder of the educational nonprofit Big Picture Learning, joined with Adam Bush, a jazz historian with experience in higher education. The idea, said Bush, was to “democratise access to credits. Learning isn’t something that’s only happening when you’re in a classroom, when you’re paying for it.” Bush sees College Unbound as a “degree completion” school — most of its students have some college under their belt, though that’s not a requirement for enrollment. Its average student is 38; most are women of color. Many are caregivers and many have experience with the prison system, either themselves or via a family member.

College Unbound costs about $11,000 per year, and most of its students qualify for Pell grants, which pay $7,395 of that bill. About 80% of local students attend at no cost to them, officials said. The college owns no buildings; all classes are online or held in spaces owned by other organisations, typically with supports like food and babysitting provided. All faculty are adjunct. Students earn a bachelor’s degree in organisational leadership and change, most in under 2 1/2 years. At first, College Unbound operated with partner institutions; in 2015, it became accredited to grant its own degrees. It currently has 500 students enrolled in Rhode Island, Philadelphia, Camden, Wilmington, Del., and Washington state, and has graduated about 500 students.

College Unbound’s Philadelphia roots date back more than a decade. David Bromley, then the director of Big Picture Philadelphia, had a conversation with Wendell Pritchett, then a member of the School Reform Commission, about Big Picture’s concept — personalised learning, real-world experiences — and what that might look like at the college level. (Pritchett is a professor at the University of Pennsylvania’s law school, and Penn’s former provost and interim president.) The idea fascinated Pritchett, who’s now chair of College Unbound’s board. “There are 50 million people who started college and didn’t finish,” said Pritchett. “We in higher ed should be embarrassed by that and we’re not. I call it reparations — to repair a lot of the damage that higher ed has caused.” In the Philadelphia area, 157,055 adults have some college courses under their belt, but have not earned a degree, according to US Census data. Most of them are Black or Hispanic.

Bromley left Big Picture Philadelphia in 2021 to bring College Unbound to the area. To date, it’s had 153 students enroll through partnerships with the Philadelphia School District, ASPIRA, Philadelphia Housing Authority, and Public Health Management Corporation. “We’re really trying to find our space in the Delaware Valley, not to compete with 73 institutions of higher education. It’s to serve this niche group, this population in a super supportive flexible way that also benefits the partner,” said Bromley. More partnerships are forthcoming, he said.

A group of College Unbound students gathered digitally on a winter weeknight. It was a big day — final presentations. College Unbound structures its curriculum around student interests and the work they are doing in real life. The students, all paraprofessionals in the Philadelphia school system enrolled in College Unbound through its “Para Pathways” program that seeks to build the teaching pipeline by helping paraprofessionals earn credentials, talked about projects they had undertaken at their schools. Danette Swindle, who works at Sullivan Elementary in Frankford, created an after-school basketball program. Her why, she said, was the death of her cousin, killed walking to a corner store in 2021. More resources are needed for youth, she said. It wasn’t easy, but Swindle learned a lot, she said. “While I was building my after-school program, it built my resilience,” said Swindle. “I wanted to give people resources and help them navigate their daily challenges.”

College Unbound students move through their classes in small cohorts, and those groups provide built-in supports. Classes run on eight or 16 week cycles, might run synchronously or asynchronously, and every class begins with a one-on-one meeting with a student and professor.