Graphic Designer Clara Escobar collects drinking water from a water truck in La Calera, near Bogota, on April 10, 2024. AFP

Residents of Bogota are facing fewer showers, minimal laundry loads and dirty cars as the Colombian capital imposes water rations due to a severe drought aggravated by the El Nino climate phenomenon. Bogota has become the latest major city around the world to face a water crisis in recent years due to intense dry spells and President Gustavo Petro vowed on Thursday to boost investment to protect the valuable resource. Some 10 million people in the Colombian capital and surrounds are being impacted by new restrictions that impose 24-hour water cuts every ten days by sector. “The situation is critical,” said Mayor Carlos Fernando Galan.

In the mountainous suburb La Calera in the sprawling Andean city, residents have already suffered occasional cuts since February, often resorting to tanker trucks that wind through the steep streets to deliver drinking water.

“There are things we can no longer do, like washing the car,” said Clara Escobar, 36, a graphic designer who came to fill two buckets from the tanker. “We shower less” and “we wash the clothes (only) when necessary.”

Lorena Lee, 46, who owns a cafeteria in La Calera, predicts she will not open on the days the suburb is affected by cuts as she cannot prepare food without water. “Obviously this affects a day of sales ... but there is nothing to do.” A lack of rain and unusual heat has seen Colombia’s reservoirs dry up at an alarming rate.

The Chingaza paramo — an alpine wetland system rich in glacial lakes — provides some 70 per cent of Bogota’s drinking water, and its dams are at their lowest level since 1980. Environment Minister Susana Muhamad said significant rains were only expected at the end of April or early May.

Colombia is blessed with abundant freshwater sources. Nevertheless, millions lack access to clean water as a result of severe water pollution, deforestation, and agriculture. In a lengthy post on X, President Gustavo Petro said he had ordered “a substantial change” to ensure that in the next 30 years, the entire population has clean water. “There will be droughts worse than the one we are facing,” he said, adding that Bogota residents could now judge whether “unhindered urbanization” was sustainable.

He said half of the country’s water supply depends on its moors, jungles and Andean forests “that have already been pillaged by 80 percent for agriculture or mining for construction.” Petro said the country had long prioritized urbanization at the expense of the “serious financing of adaptation to climate change.”

He said at current investment levels it would take a century to provide clean drinking water and proper sanitation to the 17 million people who currently do not have it.

Petro added that providing these people with drinking water would cost $26 billion.

“That is absurdly irrational in the midst of a climate crisis that will worsen due to the growing consumption of coal and oil in rich northern societies.” Major cities around the globe are considered at risk of running out of water due to human activities and climate change-linked droughts. Mexico saw 21 per cent less rainfall than usual in 2023 — its driest year since records began — and reservoirs serving the capital of 20 million people have plummeted, sparking supply cuts and jitters among residents.

In 2023, residents of Uruguay’s capital of Montevideo turned en masse to bottled water as reservoirs dropped so low that authorities had to mix brackish river water into the drinking supply and up the allowed sodium and chloride levels.

And, residents of the South African city of Cape Town narrowly escaped so-called “Day Zero” when taps would have run dry in 2018 due to a multi-year drought.

Meanwhile,  Colombia’s capital Bogota will start rationing water this week to alleviate droughts wrought by the El Nino weather pattern, which has exacerbated the Andean country’s dry season and caused reservoir levels to fall, Mayor Carlos Galan. The restrictions will also apply to 11 municipalities close to the capital, affecting at least 9 million people. The El Nino phenomenon arrived in Colombia at the end of 2023, causing high temperatures and droughts that led to forest fires throughout the Andean country and pushed reservoirs to their lowest levels in decades. Three reservoirs that make up the Chingaza water system, which supplies Bogota with 70% of its water needs, are at just 16.9% capacity, Galan said, their lowest level in 40 years. “Let’s not waste a drop of water in Bogota at this time,” Galan said in a press conference, adding, “that will help us so that these restrictions can be lifted more quickly or reduced.”

Bogota joins Mexico’s capital Mexico City and its surrounding areas — home to some 21 million — which has faced water shortages for years due to low rainfall that has been attributed to climate change, as well as a growing population and antiquated infrastructure. Under the rationing plan, Bogota will be divided into zones where cuts to water services will last 24 hours in nine areas throughout the city, Galan said, adding the first suspensions will begin on Thursday, April 11. The rationing plan shared by the nine regions in Bogota will restart every 10 days and authorities will reevaluate the measure every two weeks, Galan added.

Meanwhile,  Colombia’s influential former President Álvaro Uribe on Wednesday denounced as “political vengeance” a move by national prosecutors to bring him to trial in a case of witness tampering that has shadowed his legacy. Uribe insisted in a video message that there was no evidence against him, a day after prosecutors announced their intention to formally charge Uribe with bribery of witnesses in criminal proceedings and procedural fraud. That would make Uribe the first former president to face trial in Colombia. The case against Uribe derives from allegations made a decade ago by an opposition senator that Uribe was tied to the creation of a paramilitary group. The former president was accused of bribing former paramilitaries to change their testimonies. Uribe accused the senator of slander, but that case was dismissed, and the Supreme Court instead opened a criminal case against Uribe on allegations of manipulating witnesses.

Agencies